First Aid In Dogs and Cats

 

Golden Rules

  • Be prepared – keep your first aid kit organised and up to date.
  • Don’t panic at the first sign of a problem, try and remain calm and be logical in your approach
  • Know when to seek further help – minor problems may often be dealt with at home but if in any doubt consult your vet

 

First aid as the name suggests is the first treatment you would give when presented with an injury or traumatic episode. We all hope that our pets will never be in the situation where it is needed however the preparation of a basic first aid kit and some tips on how to handle situations may make dealing with an emergency much easier.

 

Cuts and tears:

These may vary from small superficial skin tears with little blood to larger gashes that require stitching. Basic examination of the wound will help you decide what to do.

  • Trim away any hair that is covering the wound
  • Flush well with a good amount of warm water or saline, this will remove any dust or debris
  • Apply a light bandage or dressing if possible to minimise further contamination- consult your vet if you are worried.

Bleeding wounds:

Some deep wounds or those on ears or tails may bleed profusely. The most important thing to do here is to apply pressure.

  • For severe wounds where a lot of blood is being lost use a tea towel to create a firm pad. This can be bandaged firmly onto the wound and should not be removed until you reach the vets
  • Ears – a head bandage can be applied alternatively use something to hold the ear firmly to the head to stop repeated flapping and give time for a clot to form
  • Tails – lots of tape is often required to hold these in place.
  • Sometimes wounds that appear small, for example a puncture wound caused by a bite may be significantly contaminated by bacteria. There may be tissue damaged underneath the skin that requires veterinary treatment.

 

Seizures:

Although these may seem very frightening when they occur it is very important you remain calm.

  • Reduce any external stimuli if possible such as loud noises or bright lights
  • Many animals may lose control of bladder or bowel function during a fit this is not unusual
  • Do not attempt to try and clear an airway you may get bitten
  • Reassure your pet whilst the seizure is happening, talk quietly and calmly.

 

Heat stroke:

Signs may include excessive panting, disorientation, collapse or seizures.

  • Wet towels with cold water and apply them to less hairy parts of the body such as under the front and back legs and over the abdomen. Change the towels as they begin to warm.
  • Create an airflow either using a fan or an open window in a moving car.
  • Avoid completely submerging your animal in water this may lead to more problems